Pinggan Persembahan

PINGGAN PERSEMBAHAN

Pinggan persembahan ini merupakan pinggan rekaan Sansui dari Dinasti Qing. Ia kemungkinan dari abad ke-17 iaitu semasa tempoh Kangxi (1662-1722). Keramik dalam tempoh Kangxi merupakan barangan terbaik semasa dinasti Qing. Pinggan persembahan biru dan putih ini mempunyai landskap yang menarik. Landskap ini menunjukkan gambar burung-burung berterbangan, dua buah pondok dan seorang ulama di dalamnya, gunung-gunung, seorang lelaki memancing di sungai, pelbagai tumbuh-tumbuhan dan seorang lelaki mengawal pintu gerbang.  

Porselin semasa Dinasti Ming dan Dinasti Qing telah dieksport ke Jepun, negara Asia, Eropah dan lain-lain. Ia sama sekali tidak digunakan oleh masyarakat Cina. Untuk menyasarkan pasaran Eropah, tukang Jingdezhen menghasilkan hiasan yang indah. Pinggan persembahan ini dikatakan dibuat untuk rakyat di kawasan Asia Barat yang duduk di atas lantai dan makan dengan menggunakan tangan dari pinggan itu. 

Porselin biru dan putih dari Dinasti Qing berbeza dengan Dinasti Ming atau dinasti yang lain. Keramik awal Dinasti Ming mempunyai motif yang berselerak, penuh dan megah. Semasa tempoh Yongle dan Xuande, warna biru dan putih mula berkembang. Keramik jenis ini dihiasi dengan motif yang berwarna biru pada latar putih. Warna biru diperoleh dari cobalt. Teknik yang digunakan lebih baik dan lebih halus. Porcelin dalam tempoh ini menggunakan pigmen asing, Sulimani untuk meningkatkan kualiti warna biru dan putih. 

Teknik baru dikembangkan untuk dekorasi porselin dinasti Qing. Antaranya ialah penciptaan berbagai glasir enamel tak tembus cahaya. Glasir enamel yang digunakan pada suhu tinggi berjaya menghasilkan tampilan yang lebih baik berbanding dinasti Ming. Dalam pertengahan Dinasti Ming, teknik yang digunakan hanya akan menghasilkan warna yang gelap dan terang. Dalam tempoh Kangxi, untuk mengubah warna gelap kepada terang, lima warna dalam bahan pewarna telah dicipta.

OFFERING PLATE

This offering plate is a plate design by Sansui in the Qing Dynasty. It is likely from the 17th century, namely during the Kangxi period (1662-1722). Kangxi period ceramics is best goods during the Qing dynasty. Blue and white offering plate  has an attractive landscape. This landscape shows a picture of the birds fly, two cottages and a scholar in it, the mountains, a man fishing in the river, various plants and the man controlling the gate.

Porcelain in the Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty have been exported to Japan, Asia, Europe and others. It is not used by the Chinese. To target the European market, Jingdezhen craftsmen produce beautiful decorations. The offering plate was said to be made for people in the West Asia region, which sits on the floor and eat with the hands of the plate.

Blue and white porcelain from the Qing Dynasty in contrast to the Ming Dynasty or another dynasty. The early Ming Dynasty ceramics with motifs scattered, full and magnificent. During the period of Yongle and Xuande, blue and white began to grow. This type of ceramics decorated with blue motifs on a white background. Obtained from cobalt blue. The technique used better and more refined. Porcelain during this period using foreign pigments, Sulimani to improve the quality of blue and white.

The new technique developed for the Qing dynasty porcelain decoration. Among them are the creation of opaque enamel glaze. Enamel glaze used at high temperatures managed to produce a better display than the Ming dynasty. In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the techniques used will only result in a dark color and light. Kangxi period, to turn a dark color to a bright, five colors in the dye was invented.

Pinggan Persembahan (Offering Plate)

Pinggan Persembahan (Offering Plate)

Kelengkapan Jepun

Muzium Perang Kelantan mempamerkan beberapa jenis senjata dan peralatan yang digunakan oleh Jepun semasa Perang Dunia Kedua.

Antaranya ialah Mesingan Jenis 89 Special merupakan senjata buatan Jepun. Senjata ini telah digunakan oleh tentera udara Jepun semasa menyerang Kota Bharu pada bulan Disember 1941. Panjangnya ialah 108cm dan lebarnya ialah 48cm.

Mesingan Jenis 89 Special

Mesingan Jenis 152 juga merupakan senjata buatan Jepun yang digunakan semasa Perang Dunia Kedua, Mesingan ini digunakan sebagai penembak kapal terbang. Ia dilekatkan pada bahagian sebelah kiri pemandu kapal terbang. Panjang laras Mesingan ini ialah 103cm dan lebar badannya ialah 10cm.

Mesingan Jenis 152

Senapang Mortar

Bot pendaratan tentera merupakan bot yang digunakan oleh Jepun untuk mengangkut tentera dari kapal pengangkut utama ke pantai Kuala Pak Amat pada 7/8 Disember 1941. Bot ini boleh memuatkan 8 hingga 10 tentera dan kelengkapan perang.

Bot Pendaratan Tentera

Basikal Jepun

Topi Besi

Topeng Gas

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Kelantan War Museum exhibiting several types of weapons and equipment used by the Japanese during the Second World War.

Among them is the Machine Gun Type 89 Special is a Japanese-made weapons. This weapon was used by the Japanese air forces attacked Kota Bharu in December 1941. Its length is 108cm and width is 48cm.

Machine Gun Type 89 Special

Machine Gun Type 152 is also a Japanese-made weapons used during the Second World War, Machine guns are used as an aircraft gunner. It is attached to the left side of aviators. Machine Gun barrel length is 103cm and width is 10cm.

Machine Gun Type 152

Mortar guns

The boat is a boat landing forces used by the Japanese to transport troops from major carriers to Kuala Pak Amat beach on 7/8 December 1941. This boat can accommodate 8 to 10 troops and munitions of war.

Boat landing troops

Japanese bikes

Iron cap

Gas mask

Jalan Keretapi Maut

Jalan Keretapi Maut

Pada 15 Februari 1942, Jepun berjaya menakluki Tanah Melayu sepenuhnya dalam Peperangan Dunia Kedua. Jepun mula merancang untuk meluaskan pengaruh mereka ke India. Untuk memudahkan perjalanan dan pengangkutan tentera Jepun dalam usaha menakluki Burma dan India, jalan keretapi  dibina dengan segera. Jalan keretapi itu adalah antara Thailand dan Burma. Panjang jalan keretapi yang dibina itu adalah 250 batu. 

Lebih kurang 61000 tawanan perang dan orang awam dibawa ke Thailand untuk membina Jalan Keretapi. Antaranya ialah tentera British, Belanda dan India yang dibawa dari Penjara Changi, Singapura dan selebihnya adalah buruh paksa yang terdiri daripada orang Melayu, Cina dan Burma. Kerja pembinaan jalan keretapi sangat sukar dilaksanakan kerana terpaksa membelah bukit-bukau, meredah hutan yang tebal dan menimbus cerun yang dalam. 

Banyak masalah timbul sepanjang kerja pembinaan tersebut. Antaranya ialah bekalan makanan tidak mencukupi, penyakit berjangkit seperti malaria semakin berleluasa dan ubat-ubatan tidak mencukupi. Lebih 15000 buruh paksa telah mati semasa menjalankan kerja membina jalan keretapi tersebut. Hampir setiap 28 ela jalan yang dibina meragut nyawa seorang buruh. Oleh itu, jalan keretapi itu dikenali sebagai Keretapi Maut dan buruh-buruhnya dipanggil sebagai Buruh Paksa. Kerja pembinaan jalan keretapi itu terhenti apabila Jepun menyerah kalah dalam Peperangan Dunia Kedua pada tahun 1945.

Jalan Keretapi Maut

Rujukan: Muzium Perang Kelantan (Bank Kerapu)

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Road Death Railway

On February 15, 1942, the Japanese conquered Malaya fully in the Second World War. Japan began planning to expand their influence into India. To facilitate travel and transport Japanese troops in an attempt to conquer Burma and India, railway built immediately. Road train was between Thailand and Burma. Long railway was built it was 250 miles.

Approximately 61,000 prisoners of war and civilians were taken to Thailand to build Railway. Among them were British soldiers, the Netherlands and India brought from Changi Prison in Singapore and the rest are forced laborers who were Malays, Chinese and Burmese. Work on the railway is very difficult to implement because had to divide the hills, through the dense forest and buried in the slope.

Many problems arise during the construction work. These include inadequate food supply, infectious diseases such as malaria is rampant and medicines are not sufficient. More than 15,000 forced laborers have died in the course of building the railway. Almost every road built 28 yards, killing a worker. Therefore, the railway known as the Death Railway and his workers called Forced Labor. Railway construction work was halted when the Japanese surrendered in World War II in 1945.

Road Death Railway

Reference: Kelantan War Museum (Bank Kerapu)

Pendaratan Askar Jepun (The Japanese Landing)

Pendaratan Askar Jepun di Pantai Kuala Pak Amat 7/8 Disember 1941

Pada 7 Disember 1941 jam 11.45 malam, askar-askar pertahanan pantai British melaporkan beberapa buah kapal perang Jepun sedang berlabuh di tepi pantai Kuala Pak Amat. Jepun berjaya menurunkan askar-askarnya ke dalam kapal-kapal pendarat. Pada waktu itu juga, kapal-kapal perang Jepun mula menembak kawasan pantai itu sebagai tanda permulaan pendaratan.

Pada jam 12.25 tengah malam 7/8 Disember 1941, askar-askar Jepun telah mendarat di Pantai Kuala Pak Amat yang terletak di antara Pantai Badang dan Pantai Sabak. Pada jam 1.00 pagi , tentera Jepun telah berjaya menawan kubu-kubu Pihak British yang dikendalikan oleh askar-askar India dari pasukan 3/17th Dogras.

Gerakan mendarat Pasukan Takumi di Pantai Dasar, Sabak, Kota Bharu pada
tengah malam 8 Disember 1941

Pada jam 3.30 pagi, tentera Jepun diserang oleh pesawat-pesawat terbang British/Australia jenis Hudson dari pasukan No. 1 Skuadron Tentera Udara DiRaja Australia (RAAF) dan pesawat jenis Vickers Videbeete. Lebih kurang jam 4.00 pagi, askar-askar Jepun telah berjaya mendarat di Pantai Kuala Pak Amat.

Pesawat-pesawat terbang jenis Hudson dari Tentera Diraja Australia kelihatan
sedang menyerang kapal-kapal pengangkut tentera Jepun yang hendak mendarat
di Pantai Kuala Pak Amat, Kota Bharu pada pagi 7/8 Disember 1941.

Pantai di Kota Bharu menjelang Perang Dunia Kedua

Gambar di atas menunjukkan salah sebuah pantai di Kota Bharu yang sempat dirakamkan menjelang Peperangan Dunia Kedua. Kawasan pantai yang dipagar sepanjang 28 batu, teletak di bahagian timur Sungai Kelantan. Di bahagian tengahnya tidak dipagar kerana terdapat kawasan berpaya. Beberapa lapisan pagar kawat berduri dan di tengahnya sebuah kubu pertahanan. Kubu ini didirikan dalam jarak 1000 ela antara satu sama lain. Terdapat bangsal di penjuru kanan kubu tersebut. Pada 1 Disember 1941, arahan telah diterima menghendaki seluruh kawasan dipagar dan kawasan antara pagar-pagar tersebut ditanam dengan periuk api.

Kubu Pertahanan

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The Japanese Troops landing at Kuala Pak Amat Beach 7/8 December 1941

On December 7, 1941 at 11.45 pm, the soldiers of the British coastal defenses report several Japanese warships were anchored in Kuala Pak Amat beach. Japan managed to reduce his troops into landing ships. At that time, Japanese warships began firing coastal areas as a sign of the beginning of the landing.

At 12:25 midnight on 7/8 December 1941, Japanese troops landed in Kuala Pak Amat Beach, which is located between Pantai Badang dan Pantai Sabak. At 1.00 am, the Japanese army captured the British forts operated by Indian soldiers of the army 3 / 17th Dogras.

The Japanese Army from Takumi Detachment landed at Dasar Beach, Sabak,
Kota Bharu on midnight 8 December 1941

At 3.30 am, the Japanese military attacked by airplanes British / Australian Hudson kind of team No. 1 Squadron, Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) and aircraft Vickers Videbeete. Approximately 4.00 am, Japanese soldiers had successfully landed in Kuala Pak Amat Beach.

The aircraft of The Royal Australian Air Force, Hudson type are seen attacking
the Japanese landing craft at Kuala Pak Amat Beach, Kota Bharu on the
morning of 7/8 December 1941.

Beach in Kota Bharu by the Second World War

The picture above shows one of the beach in Kota Bharu under impressive storm clouds pre-Japanese war. The defended beach are covered fence along the 28 miles east of the Kelantan River. There was a gap on the middle because there are not fenced swampy area. Some of the multiple rows of barbed wire entanglement and at the middle of a pillbox. The pillboxs were situated about 1000 yards apart. There purpose of the huts to the right of the pillbox. On 1st December 1941, orders were received to close all gap the wire and to lay anti-personnel and anti-tank mines in the sand ahead of the wire. 

Pillbox

Perang Dunia Kedua ( Second World War)

Perang Dunia Kedua merupakan peperangan yang paling meluas dan mengakibatkan paling banyak kerosakan. Perang Dunia Kedua melibatkan banyak negara. Ia telah mengorbankan sekitar 50 juta nyawa.

Sejarah Pendaratan Jepun di Tanah Melayu

Pendaratan Jepun di Tanah Melayu berlaku secara sepantas kilat. Jepun mengambil masa tiga hari sahaja untuk sampai di Kota Baharu. Konvoi Jepun berlepas dari Saigon menuju ke arah selatan pada 6 Disember 1941 sehingga pendaratannya di Kota Bharu, Kelantan pada 8 Disember 1941.

Pesawat A6M Zero tentera laut Jepun dari Flotia Udara ke-22 di Lapangan
Terbang Kota Bharu selepas penawanannya.

6 Disember 1941

Pada 6 Disember 1941, pegawai-pegawai Tentera Laut Amerika Syarikat masuk ke persidangan di Manila, Filipina antara Laksamana Thomas C. Hart, pegawai pemerintah Angkatan Asia Amerika Syarikat (U.S. Asiatic Fleet), dan Laksamana Sir Thomas Philips.

Sebuah pesawat peninjau Lockheed Hudson Australia terjumpa konvoi Jepun yang berlepas dari Saigon. Komander pesawat tersebut, Pegawai Penerbangan Ramshaw, melaporkan pada mulanya hanya tiga buah kapal belayar, diikuti dengan lebih kurang 25 buah kapal pengangkut lain. Ia diiringi oleh sebuah kapal tempur, lima buah penjajap dan tujuh buah kapal pembinasa. Pada pendapatnya, kapal-kapal tersebut tengah menuju ke arah Thailand.

Isyarat yang amat jelas ini bahawa perang akan meletus. Kedua-dua laksamana itu bertindak dengan segera. Empat buah kapal pembinasa Amerika Syarikat di Balikpapan belayar ke laut lepas, sementara HMS Repulse membatalkan pelayarannya ke Darwin, Australia, dan kembali ke Singapura secepat mungkin.  Pesawat British melakukan lebih banyak penerbangan peninjauan lanjut. Pada pukul 7 petang, angkatan Jepun bertukar arah dan belayar ke utara menujui Teluk Siam.

7 Disember 1941

Pasukan penyerang utama Jepun iaitu Tentera Ke-25 di bawah pimpinan Leftenan Jeneral Tomoyuki Yamashita, telah belayar daripada Pelabuhan Samah pada 4 Disember 1941. Pada 6 dan 7 Disember, pesawat Lockheed Hudson yang diterbangkan oleh Skuadron No.1 RAAF, Kota Bharu, dan Skuadron No.8 RAAF, Kuantan, menjumpai dan cuba mengekori kapal-kapal ini.

Leftenan-Jeneral Yamashita, Komander tentera Jepun ke-25

Bot terbang PBY Catalina dari Skuadron No. 205 RAF ditembak jatuh oleh pesawat Jepun. Pegawai Penerbangan Bedell dan anak-anak kapalnya menjadi korban. Pada pukul 10.00 malam, konvoi penjajahan Jepun berpecah mengikut arah kedudukan pendaratan yang telah diatur sebelumnya.

8 Disember 1941

Pada pukul 10.30 malam, persidangan Panglima diadakan di Bilik Perang Pangkalan Tentera Laut di Singapura. Marsyal Udara Sir Robert Brooke-Popham iaitu pegawai pemerintah pasukan British di Timur Jauh, teragak-agak untuk melancarkan Operasi Matador  bagi menghalang pendaratan Jepun di Singora dan Pattani. Beliau melewatkan operasi tersebut, sekurang-kurangnya bagi malam itu. Ini kerana ia mungkin akan mencetuskan perang dengan Thailand. Di samping itu, persiapan logistik tentera British juga masih belum bersedia sepenuhnya. Pada tengah malam 7/8 Disember, sekumpulan pengawal India di Kota Bharu ternampak bayangan besar, iaitu kapal pengangkut Tentera Laut Imperial Jepun (IJN) berlabuh sekitar 3 kilometer dari pantai Kota Bharu. Ia membawa lebih kurang 5200 askar daripada Detasmen Takumi. Sebahagian besar daripada mereka merupakan bekas perajurit, yang pernah melalui beberapa bulan latihan lasak dan pertempuran di dalam hutan China.

Mereka diiringi oleh angkatan pengiring yang kuat dan terdiri daripada penjajap ringan Sendai, kapal pembinasa Ayanami, Isonami, Shikinami, dan Uranami, kapal penyapu periuk api No. 2 dan No. 3, serta pemburu kapal selam No. 9.

Tidak lama kemudian, pengawal pantai terdengar bunyi peluru meriam. Perang Dunia II telah bermula. Pesawat pendarat mulai dilepaskan. Pada jam 12.45 pagi, gelombang pertama kapal pendarat menghala ke pantai. Briged Infantri India Ke-8, sebahagian Divisyen Infantri Ke-9 India (British) disokong oleh Pasukan Meriam Gunung Ke-21 yang terdiri daripada empat laras meriam katak 3.7 inci (Mejar J.B. Soper). Tentera tersebut telah memasang periuk api dan kawat duri serta membina beberapa kubu kecil. Mereka disokong oleh Pasukan Meriam Medan Ke-73 daripada Rejimen Artileri Medan Ke-5.

Pendaratan Jepun di Kota Bharu

Pada tengah malam, tentera Jepun bergerak ke arah pantai. Pasukan meriam British mula membedil sepanjang kawasan persisiran pantai dan laut setelah tentera Jepun mula mendarat. Unit Dogra mula menembak ke arah pesawat pendarat dengan bersungguh-sungguh tetapi mereka menghadapi serangan yang sengit.

Kubu mesingan (MG) di pantai digunakan dengan berkesan terhadap tentera Jepun yang mula mendarat di pantai, dan membunuh ramai askar Jepun termasuk komander batalionnya, Mejar Nakamura, yang mengetuai orang-orangnya menyerbu kedudukan musuh. 

Tentera Jepun berjaya menumpaskan tentera India British. Gelombang penyerang kedua dihujani oleh tembakan meriam British yang mengakibatkan ramai tentera Jepun terkorban. Namun, apabila kubu kecil dimusnahkan, pasukan ini dapat bergerak ke hadapan dan membolosi kedudukan Dogra. Kedudukan tentera India tidak dapat dipertahankan dan mereka terpaksa berundur.

9 Disember 1941

Serangan udara RAF

Sewaktu pasukan penjajah berada beberapa batu di utara landasan pesawat mereka, pegawai kanan tentera udara di Kota Bharu meminta kebenaran untuk melancarkan serangan. Setelah tentera Jepun mula mendarat, Skuadron Hudsons No. 1 mula berlepas untuk mengebom pesawat pengangkut. Gelombang pertama, yang terdiri daripada tujuh buah pesawat yang diketuai oleh Leftenan Penerbangan Lockwood, melakukan serangan pertama sekitar 02.10 pagi.

Leftenan Penerbangan O.N. Diamond Skuadron No. 1 memilih kapal pengangkut terbesar dan mengebom junam. Dua butir bom 250 paun dilepaskan dalam serangan pertamanya dan dua butir bom dilepaskan dalam serangan kedua. Ia mengenai pesawat tersebut sehingga terbakar. Skuadron No. 1 RAAF terus melakukan pengeboman. 17 serangan dilancarkan, mendarat, mengisi bom dan berlepas kembali sehingga 05.00 pagi. Kapal pengiring tentera Jepun melepaskan tembakan anti pesawat dan menembak jatuh sekurang-kurangnya dua pesawat Lockheed Hudson itu dan merosakkan tiga yang lain.

Sebuah pesawat yang rosak menjunam tepat ke sebuah pesawat pendarat yang berisi sarat. Semua kapal pengangkut dihujani peluru dengan beberapa buah terbakar. Pesawat musuh dua dan tiga mula menyerang kapal pengangkut kita. Menjelang 04.30 pagi komander pengiring mengemukakan permohonan untuk berundur.

Mejar Jeneral Takumi membantah dan bertegas untuk memperkukuhkan tenteranya di pantai. Pada pukul 6.00 pagi, kedua-dua kapal pengangkut dan pengiring berundur ke utara. Kira-kira jam 2:00 pagi pada 8 Disember, lapangan terbang Kuantan menerima isyarat bahawa tentera Jepun cuba mendarat di Kota Bharu. Skuadron No. 8 membentukkan empat penerbangan tiga buah Hudson dengan penerbangan pertama pada jam 06.30 pagi.

Pesawat Hudson menyerang kapal pengangkut IJN. Pada 08.00 pagi, ia kembali ke Kuantan disebabkan sebahagian daripadanya rosak. Leftenen Penerbangan "Spud" Spurgeon dalam A16-41 mengebom kapal tetapi terpaksa mendarat hempas di Kota Bahru akibat kerosakan pesawat Hudsonnya. Pesawat Hudson A16-81nya terkena peluru dan menerbang ke Seletar. Dalam serangan ini, lima rosak dengan satu mendarat hempas daripada jumlahnya 12.

Jepun berjaya mendarat

Pesawat pejuang tentera Jepun yang sebelum ini sibuk melindungi pendaratan utama di Thailand, mulai sampai. Menjelang waktu pagi, tentera Jepun berjaya mendaratkan pasukan penjajah mereka. Pada pukul 10:30 pagi, pasukan Jepun akhirnya tiba ke Kota Bahru.

Pada waktu pagi, Mejar Jeneral H. Takumi berjaya mendaratkan sejumlah tiga batalion penuh. Brigadier Key cuba menyerang balas tetapi gagal dan beliau mulai berundur. Apabila lapangan terbang tempatan tidak dapat dipertahankan lagi, Key memohon dan menerima kebenaran untuk berundur.

Tentera Jepun memaksa tentera India British berundur sehingga ke kawasan Kuala Lipis dan maju ke utara untuk menawan bandar Kota Bharu pada jam 2 petang pada 9 Disember.

Pertempuran tersebut telah mengorbankan banyak nyawa. Louis Allen menyebut sumber Jepun meletakkannya sebagai 500 orang. Kolonel Tsuji menulis dalam bukunya bahawa 320 orang askar Jepun terkorban serta 538 orang tercedera dalam pertempuran itu dan menggelarkan Kota Bharu sebagai "salah satu kawasan pertempuran yang paling ganas dalam Kempen Tanah Melayu".

Rujukan:

http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sejarah_pendaratan_Jepun_di_Tanah_Melayu

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World War II was the most widespread war cause the most damage. World War II involving many countries. It has claimed about 50 million lives.

Japanese invasion of Malaya

Japanese landings in Malaya happen lightning fast. Japan took three days just to get in Kota Baharu. Japanese convoy departing from Saigon, French Indochina heading south on December 6, 1941 until landing in Kota Bharu, Kelantan on December 8, 1941.

Aircraft A6M Zero Japanese navy of Flotia 22nd Airborne Field Kota Bharu
Airport after its conquest.

December 6, 1941

December 6, 1941, officers of the United States Navy go to a conference in Manila, the Philippines between Admiral Thomas C. Hart, government officials Forces Europe United States (US Asiatic Fleet), and Admiral Sir Thomas Philips.

A reconnaissance aircraft Lockheed Hudson Australiastumbled  Japan convoy departing from Saigon. The aircraft commander, Flight Officer Ramshaw, reported initially only three ships sailed, followed approximately 25 other carriers. Was accompanied by an armed battleships, five cruisers seven destroyers. In his opinion, the ships were heading towards Thailand.

The clear signal show that the war will erupt. Both the admiral act promptly. Four US destroyers in Balikpapan sailed out to sea, while HMS Repulse cancel the voyage to Darwin, Australia, and returned to Singapore as soon as possible. British aircraft perform more advanced reconnaissance flights. At 7 pm, the Japanese navy sailed to change direction and head north of the Gulf of Siam.

December 7, 1941

Japan's main attacking force of the 25th Army under the command of Lieutenant General Tomoyuki Yamashita, had sailed from Port Samah on 4 December 1941. On 6 and 7 December, Lockheed Hudson aircraft flown by 1 Squadron RAAF, Kota Bharu, and Squadron 8 RAAF, Kuantan, find and try trailed these ships.

Lieutenant-General Yamashita, the Japanese
military commander of the 25th

PBY Catalina Flying Boat Squadron No. 205 RAF shot down by Japanese aircraft. Aviation officials Bedell and his crew became victims. At 10:00 pm, a convoy of Japanese colonialism split in the direction of the landing position prearranged.

December 8, 1941

At 10.30 pm, a conference was held at the Chief of Naval War Room in Singapore. Air Marshal Sir Robert Brooke-Popham ie government officials British troops in the Far East, hesitating to launch Operation Matador to prevent the Japanese landing in Singora and Pattani. He skipped the operation, at least for that night. This is because it might trigger a war with Thailand. In addition, the British military logistical preparations are still not fully prepared. At midnight on 7/8 December, a group of guards in Kota Bharu India saw a big shadow, ie the carrier of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) anchored about 3 miles from the coast of Kota Bharu. It takes approximately 5200 soldiers of the detachment Takumi. Most of them are veterans, who had been through some tough months of training and battle in the woods China.

They were accompanied by armed escorts strong and consists of a light cruiser Sendai, destroyer Ayanami, Isonami, Shikinami, and Kuranami, mine sweeper ship No. 2 and No. 3, as well as submarine chaser No. 9.

Soon, coastguard heard cannonball. World War II had begun. Lander began to be released. At 12.45 am, the first wave of landing craft heading to the beach. Indian Infantry Brigade 8th, part of the 9th Infantry Division India (British) supported by the Artillery Mountains 21st consisting of four 3.7-inch gun barrel frog (Major JB Soper). The Army has installed mines and barbed wire and built several small fortress. They are supported by Ke Field Artillery Regiment 73 of the 5th Field Artillery.

Japanese landing in Kota Bharu

In the middle of the night, Japanese forces moved towards the coast. British troops began firing shells along the coastline and sea after Japanese troops landed. Dogra units began firing toward the lander in earnest but they face a fierce attack.

Fort machine gun (MG) on the beach used effectively against Japanese troops landed on the beach, and killed many Japanese soldiers, including the battalion commander, Major Nakamura, who led his men stormed the enemy positions.

Japanese forces successfully defeated the British Indian army. The second wave of attackers bombarded by British artillery fire which caused many Japanese soldiers were killed. However, when a small fort was destroyed, this team can move forward and bypass the Dogra position. Indian military position untenable and they had to retreat.

December 9, 1941

RAF air raid

During the colonial forces were a few miles north of the airfield them, senior air force officer in Kota Bharu ask permission to launch attacks. After the Japanese troops began landing, Squadron Hudsons No. 1 began taking off to bomb an aircraft carrier. The first wave, which consists of seven aircraft led by Flight Lieutenant Lockwood, the first attack around 2:10 am.

Flight Lieutenant O.N. Diamond Squadron No. 1 pick largest carriers and bomb drop. Two 250-pound bombs were released in the first attack and two bombs were released in the second attack. It is about the aircraft up in flames. Squadron No. 1 RAAF continue doing the bombing. 17 attacks were launched, landing, take-off and re-fill the bomb until 5:00 am. Japanese military escort ships fired anti-aircraft and shoot down at least two Lockheed Hudson aircraft and damaging three others.

A damaged aircraft plunged right into a lander that contains the term. All carriers showered with bullets by several burns. Two and three enemy aircraft carriers began to attack us. By 4:30 am the commander of the escort submit an application to withdraw.

Major General Takumi objected and insisted on strengthening the forces on the beach. At 6:00 am, two escort carriers and retreated to the north. Around 2:00 am on December 8, Kuantan airport receives a signal that the Japanese attempt to land in Kota Bharu. Squadron No. 8 forming the four flights of three Hudson with the first flight at 6:30 am.

Hudson aircraft carrier IJN attack. At 8:00 am, he returned to Kuantan due in part is damaged. Flight Lieutenant "Spud" Spurgeon in A16-41 bombed the ship but was forced to land in Kota Bahru buffeted by the damaged plane in Hudson. A16-81nya Hudson aircraft hit by a bullet and fly to Seletar. In this attack, five broken with a landing buffeted from 12.

Japan successfully landed

Japanese military fighter aircraft that were previously busy protecting the main landing in Thailand, started up. By morning, the Japanese managed to land their colonial troops. At 10:30 am, the Japanese team finally arrived to Kota Bahru.

In the morning, Major General H. Takumi managed to land a total of three full battalions. Brigadier Key tried to fight back but failed and he began to retreat. When the local airport is no longer tenable, Key applied for and received permission to withdraw.

Japanese soldiers forced the British Indian army retreated up to Kuala Lipis district and advanced to the north to the town of Kota Bharu at 2 pm on December 9.

The battle has cost many lives. Louis Allen mentioned Japanese sources put it as 500 people. Colonel Tsuji wrote in his book that the 320 Japanese soldiers were killed and 538 were wounded in the fighting and called Kota Bharu as "one of the most vicious fighting in the Malayan Campaign".

Reference:

http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sejarah_pendaratan_Jepun_di_Tanah_Melayu

Pameran (Secara Ringkas)

Muzium Perang mempunyai 2 aras yang mempamerkan pelbagai koleksi pameran. Muzium ini memiliki dan mempamerkan lebih daripada 1000 bahan pameran yang berkaitan peperangan termasuk gambar-gambar, artikel dan artifak serta koleksi lain. 

Aras bawah mengkhususkan kepada tema sejarah seperti susunan pemerintahan pertahanan British, Kelantan di bawah pemerintahan Thailand, pendaratan tentera Jepun di Kuala Pak Amat, British menyerah kalah kepada Jepun, Jepun menyerah kalah kepada pihak Berikat, gerakan anti tentera Jepun, pasukan 136 Force, pasukan askar Melayu dan Malayan Union. Ia mempamerkan artifak-artifak sejarah semasa Perang Dunia Kedua, senjata yang digunakan oleh Jepun, basikal Jepun, surat, dokumen dan lain-lain.

Aras 1

Sudut Pameran

Sudut Pameran

Barang-barang Peninggalan Jepun

Barang-barang Peninggalan Jepun

Gambar

Gambar

Surat dan Dokumen

Surat dan Dokumen

Aras atas pula menumpukan kepada sejarah Kelantan moden. Ia mempamerkan perkembangan negeri sebelum kemerdekaan, perkembangan negeri selepas kemerdekaan dan hubungan negeri sebelum kemerdekaan.

Aras 2

Sudut Pameran

Sudut Pameran

Peta

Gambar

Artifak

Artifak

Muzium Perang juga menyediakan pameran di luar bangunan seperti replika kubu kebal, bot pendaratan Jepun, kerek telaga askar Punjab, kenderaan yang digunakan oleh Jepun semasa Perang Dunia Kedua, kenderaan yang digunakan sebelum merdeka dan lain-lain.

Pameran Luar

Replika Kubu Kebal





Kerek Telaga Askar Punjab

Bot Pendaratan Tentera Jepun

Kereta Perisai

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War Museum has two floors showcasing a diverse collection of exhibits. The museum has exhibits more than 1000 exhibits related to the war, including photographs, articles and artifacts and other collections.

The ground floor is devoted to historical themes such as governance structure British defense, Kelantan under the government of Thailand, Japanese troops landing in Kuala Pak Amat, British surrendered to the Japanese, the Japanese surrendered to the Allies, the anti-Japanese armed forces, Force 136, a team of soldiers Malay and Malayan Union. It displays artifacts of history during the Second World War, the weapons used by the Japanese, the Japanese bikes, letters, and other documents.

First Floor

Exhibition Corner

Exhibition Corner

Remains of Japanese goods

Remains of Japanese goods

Picture

Picture

Letters and Documents

Letters and Documents

Upper level, focuses on the history of modern Kelantan. It showcases developments in the country prior to independence, the development of the country after independence domestic relations before independence.

Second Floor

Exhibition Corner

Exhibition Corner

Maps

Pictures

Artifacts

Artifacts

War Museum also presents exhibitions outside the building as a replica of invincible fortress, Japan's boat landings, pulley wells of Punjab soldiers, vehicles used by the Japanese during the Second World War, vehicle used  before independence and others.

Outdoor exhibition

Replica of  invincible fortress

Pulley Wells of Punjab Soldiers

Japan's Boat Landing

Armored Car